Super–protonic conductors for solid acid fuel cells (SAFCs): a review

Abstract

Fuel cell holds the promise of being environmentally friendly and becomes one of the alternatives for renewable energy. Solid acids have super–protonic behavior which allows them to become conductors. It can function at high temperatures. Hydration, on the other hand, may be used to improve the performance of the solid acid. Moreover, the conductivity, stability, and crystal structure of the solid acid compounds of the fuel cell are all influenced by the size of the electrolyte membrane. Very few works have been done on solid acid fuel cells which are still under investigation to make it one viable as well as a reliable alternative to clean, renewable energy. In general, this work will provide an overview of the variables or characteristics that affect the technical effectiveness and performance of the unique super–protonic conductors for solid acid fuel cells.