Hazards regarding to freezing-thawing and freezing index

Abstract

Frozen process of the soil ground of the foundation of construction sand buildings is the challenging task in general construction. There are a lot of factors which influence to the freezing soil process such as properties of soil, climatic conditions, underground water location and so on. This paper present sone factor such as climatic data, especially freezing index. Many graphs give importantinformationand source of design regarding to freezing problem. The freezing index can be used to determine the depth of freezing. This can be used primarily in determining the depth of freezing, segregational potential of ice formation in the soil, etc. Moreover, an important role in the construction is determining the optimal foundation depth, which can be determined by the freezing index.]