A NEW APPROACH TO THE EVALUATION OF BIOCLIMATIC POTENTIAL OF LANDSCAPES ON THE EXAMPLE OF NORTHERN KAZAKHSTAN

Abstract

Based on the laws of natural processes, an integrated model has been developed for assessing the bioclimatic potential of landscapes, which mainly includes an assessment of the productivity of vegetation and soil cover, allowing to determine the patterns of formation and functioning of landscape systems, depending on latitudinal zonality and altitude zonation for effective use of agricultural land and to identify their regional differences. The development of the model and assessment of the bioclimatic potential of landscapes of the natural system is based on the methodology of system studies in the field of geography and ecology, as well as on methods of mathematical modeling of the production process in biology. Based on the climatic index of the biological productivity of landscapes, D.I. Shashko (BC) and the energy expended on soil formation, determined by the formula of V.R.Volobuev (Qi) developed a mathematical model for assessing the bioclimatic potential of landscapes of the natural system, which were used to assess the bioclimatic potential of the landscapes of Northern Kazakhstan. To assess the bioclimatic potential of the landscapes of the natural system of Northern Kazakhstan, the longterm data of meteorological monthly menus on the meteorological stations of the regions of Northern Kazakhstan, submitted by RSE "Kazgidromet" of the Republic of Kazakhstan, were used. Analysis of the results of calculating the index of biological productivity of vegetation cover (BC) and energy spent on the soil-forming process of landscape systems (Qi) in Northern Kazakhstan indicates that they strictly obey the laws of geographical zoning. Consequently, the climatic index of the biological productivity of landscapes (Cl), which is determined by the ratio of such averaged indicator values as the soil cover productivity index (Cs) and the indicator of the climatic index of the biological productivity of the vegetation cover (Cbv) also strictly obey these laws of nature. The proposed model of the climatic index of the biological productivity of landscapes (Cl) provides opportunities for a real assessment of the resource potential of the natural system when developing an adaptive landscape system of farming and a program of agricultural activities with an optimal load on the geoecosystem. Based on the climatic index of the biological productivity of landscapes D. I. Shashko (Bc) and energy soil on soil formation, defined by the formula V. R. Volobuyev (Qi) developed a mathematical model for estimation of bioclimatic potential of the landscapes of the natural system with the use of multi-year meteorological data monthly meteorological stations of the Northern regions of Kazakhstan, submitted to "Kazgidromet" RSE, defined by their quantitative values that can be more accurately determined by means of the climatic index of the biological productivity of landscapes (Cl).