QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF BIOLOGICAL AND ECOLOGICAL POTENTIAL OF THE LANDSCAPES OF SOUTHERN KAZAKHSTAN

Abstract

The paper considers methodological approaches to assessment of biological and environmental potential of landscape systems in the southern Kazakhstan soil-climatic conditions to the most complete and efficient use of natural resources in the design and construction of high-performance agrolandscape systems. Based on qualitative and quantitative indicators heat, light and moisture availability a mathematical model has been developed to assess biological and environmental productivity of landscape systems including soil productivity and vegetation cover. It should be noted that the developed model of landscapes biological productivity assessment (Cbp) takes into account the heat availability of the landscape systems soil cover (Ctb), natural moisturization coefficient of the vegetation cover (Cm), and ecological productivity of landscapes (Cbp). This model is based on the potentially available energy expended in soil-forming process (Qn) and natural moisturization coefficient of the vegetation cover (Cm) is one of the modifications of the qualitative and quantitative models of natural system climatic productivity, widely used in the field of geography and ecology assessment of natural system resources potential. Based on the developed models of landscape systems biological and environmental productivity a comprehensive assessment of South Kazakhstan region natural resource potential was performed, including Almaty, Zhambyl, Kyzylorda and Turkestan region using long-term data of 32 meteorological stations located on the territory of the region. Use of improved methodologies for assessment of landscape systems biological and ecological productivity can more accurately determine the biological resources of the landscape systems according to agro-ecological areas and to assess the efficiency of natural system natural resources potential.