Geoecological Maps of Surface Water Pollution Akmola Region of Kazakhstan Based on Hydrochemical Analyzes

Abstract

Ecological and geographical map that characterizes the introduction and storage in the natural or built environment of physical, chemical, and biological substances in concentrations exceeding the natural (background) values and adversely affecting human health, fauna, flora, and other components of the environment. Maps may reflect contamination of the earth, atmosphere, surface water and groundwater, soils, vegetation, wildlife, and others. They show the sources of pollution (solid waste, air emissions of gases and aerosols, drains and diversion of utilities and others), pollution factors (impact of power plants, transportation, industrial production, animal husbandry, and so on), distribution of natural and man-made pollutants (mechanical, physical, chemical, biological), and others. The levels of pollution often characterize the performance of exceeding the maximum permissible concentration (MPC), the maximum permissible emissions (MPE), and other regulations.