• Adapting Religious Orientation Scales for Muslim Contexts: theoretical review 

      Mazhiev, Gilimbek; Rashimbetov, Rakhymzhan (2024)
      Even though the scale of religious orientation has a long history of development, it has not yet entered scientific circulation on the territory of modern Kazakhstan. In particular, no special research tests on the Intrinsic and Extrinsic and, Quest scale were carried out on the territory of the country. After all, the scale of religious orientation is not adapted to the ...
      2025-06-09
    • The transformation of the institute of bais in the conditions of modernization processes of the 19th – early 20th centuries 

      Kovalskaya, Svetlana; Nurbayev, Zhaslan; Kishibayeva, Saya (2024)
      The article is devoted to the study of the social and institutional history of the prosperous estate of a nomadic society – the Kazakh bais. The main content of the topic of this study is the history of the bais estate as a social community – its condition, social behavior, place and role in the system of social relations, sources of material well-being, social alliances and ...
      2025-06-09
    • Theoretical and methodological aspects of the social status of bais in Kazakh society 

      Yermenbayeva, Gulzhan; Sultangazy, Gulmira; Medeubayev, Yerlan (2024)
      The social order of Kazakh society, taking into account its specific features, was determined by both economic and traditional factors. These factors affected the social stratification of the population. the new formation, affluent individuals, known as bais, began to play an increasingly important role. The status of a bai combined two aspects – an economic and a political ...
      2025-06-09