Ecological and economic analysis of the impact of railway transport enterprises on the environment: (on the example of the branch of JSC «NC» Kazakhstan Temir Zholy)
Аннотации
The impact of rail transport on the environment is one of the major problems in the
Republic of Kazakhstan. It is well known that railway transport causes enormous harm to the
environment, destroying natural relief during the construction of railways, pollution of water
and air objects also creates physical pollution for people, and the operation of wagons and the
transport of hazardous substances can lead to a high degree of pollution and land degradation.
This study was aimed at identifying the ecological and economic problems of railway transport in
the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan. For the analysis, materials and data on environmental
protection were collected. The results showed that reducing the impact on the environment was
achieved through measures of environmental legislation. This concerned the reduction of the use
of liquid and solid fuels, the equipping of emission sources with the necessary purification
equipment, the reconstruction of environmental protection facilities, and the development of regulatory and environmental documentation. Based on this, it is shown that the use of
environmental technologies for practical purposes can ensure the effective functioning and
operation of a natural resource user enterprise from an environmental and economic point of view.