http://repository.enu.kz/handle/enu/23980 2026-04-04T01:59:56Z http://repository.enu.kz/handle/enu/23983 Role of anthocyanins in plant resistance to virus Beisekova, M.K.; Samat, A.; Kurmanbayeva, А.B.; Bekturova, A.Zh.; Iksat, N.N.; Zhangazin, S.B.; Masalimov, Zh.K. Viral infections pose a serious threat to crop production in Kazakhstan and worldwide, negatively affecting the growth, development, and productivity of agricultural crops. Under conditions of multiple stresses, such as drought, extreme temperatures, soil salinity, and pathogen damage, viruses aggravate physiological changes in plants, disrupting their metabolic pathways and reducing resistance to adverse factors. Particular attention is paid to the effect of viral infections on the biosynthesis of anthocyanins, important compounds involved in plant defense mechanisms. In this work, it was shown that infection with tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV) caused more damage to the middle leaves of the model plant compared to other leaves, and the upper leaves stopped developing. In addition, necrosis was observed in the middle leaves, which led to further programmed cell destruction (PCD). Moreover, infection with the TBSV virus led to a significant increase in hydrogen peroxide levels and accumulation of anthocyanins in Nicotiana benthamiana plants. These changes indicate a disturbance in the redox balance and activation of defense reactions in response to viral infection. The findings highlight the importance of studying the interaction of viruses with plants to develop strategies to improve crop resistance to viral infections and other stress factors. 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.enu.kz/handle/enu/23982 Модификация геномов растений методами генетической инженерии и геномного редактирования: доставка экзогенных ДНК Дейнеко, Е.В.; Калкабаев, А.Ж.; Жанабаева, А.Ж.; Альмусаев, А.К.; Салхожаева, Г.М.; Турпанова, Р.М. Рассматриваются данные о развитии и совершенствовании методов доставки фрагментов экзогенных ДНК в геномы различных видов растений в постгеномную эру биологии. Приведены особенности доставки экзогенных ДНК в зависимости от этапа культивирования растительных клеток в условиях in vitro. Сделан акцент на развитии методов, обеспечивающих доставку кассет экспрессии в геномы растительных клеток in planta, исключающих дезинтеграцию растительных тканей до клеточных культур с последующим восстановлением растений-трансформантов, т.е. минуя стадию in vitro. Приведены данные об успешности применения метода floral dip как для модельных растений Arabidopsis thaliana, так и для некоторых других видов, являющихся представителями шести семейств высших растений. Приведены данные о востребованности метода floral dip в связи с возрастающим интересом к модификации растений методами геномного редактирования. 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.enu.kz/handle/enu/23981 Macrophytes of the Floodplain swamps of the Akmola Region Berdenov, J.G.; Dukenbayeva, A.D.; Mendybaev, Y.H.; Ataeva, G.M.; Saginov, K.M.; Inkarova, J.I.; Gataulina, G.A.; Aikenova, N.Ye.; Zhumagul, M.Zh. This paper presents the results of the research on macrophytes of floodplain swamps of the coastal territories of the Aktastinka River and wetlands of Aktasty village, located in Arshalinsky district, Akmola region of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The inventory revealed the floristic composition of the Aktastinka village locality and the coastal territory. Along with species diversity, the main representatives of macrophytes of the bog flora were identified, represented by 8 hydrophytes – Phragmites australis, Carex rostrata, Typha angustifolia, Ranunculus repens L., Triglochin maritimum L., Stratiotes aloides L., Utricularia vulgaris L., Lemna minor L., etc. In the flora of the study area, four types of plant communities were found, with the dominance of representatives of the following families: Poaceae, Typhaceae, Cyperaceae, Ranunculaceae, Amaryllidaceae, Butomaceae, and Lentibulariaceae spanning several kilometres. Comparative analysis of macrophyte floras at four different sites illustrated similarity between phytocenoses. The plant flora of the study area includes 105 species belonging to 65 general and 38 families. Dicotyledonous plants are represented by 78 species, monocotyledones plants by 27 species. The ratio of dicotyledons to annuals was 1:2.9. On average, each genus is represented by 2.3 species, species saturation of families is characterised by the average index, and is 9.5. 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z