This article explores the current state and future potential of e-commerce in Kazakhstan, with a particular focus on the restaurant sector. E-commerce has emerged as a transformative force in the global economy, streamlining business operations through digital platforms. The study examines key components of e-commerce, such as electronic payment systems, online ordering, and ...

This article for the fi rst time reproduces and comprehensively interprets the data of excavated memorial enclosures of the early Middle Ages on the territory of Semirechye – southeastern part of Kazakhstan. Two memorial complexes of Karakystak 18 and Ulken Kakpak essentially complement the corpus of similar excavated monuments of Semirechye. The analysis of both constructive ...

Bi nanocrystalline films were formed from perchlorate electrolyte (PE) on Cu substrate via electrochemical deposition with different duration and current densities. The microstructural, morphological properties, and elemental composition were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX). The ...

This paper reports the synthesis of composite track-etched membranes (TeMs) modified with electrolessly deposited copper microtubules using copper deposition baths based on environmentally friendly and non-toxic reducing agents (ascorbic acid (Asc), glyoxylic acid (Gly), and dimethylamine borane (DMAB)), and comparative testing of their lead(II) ion removal capacity via batch ...

Soil quality assessment plays a critical role in promoting sustainable land management, particularly in fragile steppe ecosystems. This study provides a comprehensive geoecological evaluation of heavy metal contamination (Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu, Co, Ni, Fe, and Mn) in soils across five districts of the Akmola region, Kazakhstan. The assessment incorporates multiple integrated pollution ...