The United Nations has adopted the Declaration on Building a Nuclear-Weapon-Free World, proposed by Kazakhstan. The adoption of the resolution became another confirmation of the independent foreign policy of Nursultan Nazarbayev and became another contribution to the antinuclear movement "born" in our country. Globally, the decision to end nuclear testing has had enormous ...

The article addresses Kazakhstan's state budget development and administration throughout the worldwide pandemic and geopolitical upheavals. Using the state budget as an example, this paper examines the evolution of the budget system and ideas to enhance its efficiency and openness. The increasing focus of public finances on solving particular objectives to attain socioeconomic ...

The article presents information about the result of the experiment that determined the amount of tourist waste in the Altai Mountains of Kazakhstan and the Altai Mountains of Mongolia. During the pandemic, traveling to the Altai Mountains became a trend for domestic tourism in both countries. Due to the low development of the infrastructure in this region, tourist vehicles ...

The Charyn River is located in South-East Kazakhstan, 195 km east of Almaty. The river valley cuts through Paleozoic rocks and loose sandy-clay deposits of the Cenozoic and forms amazingly beautiful canyons, the so-called "Valley of Castles". This place is actively visited by tourists from all over the world. However, Charyn canyons have not only tourist but also scientific ...

The large absolute heights, the complex geological and orographic structure of Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan, their geographical position in the depths of the Eurasian continent, surrounded by vast deserts and the related continental and arid climate, create a great diversity of landscapes, a variety of natural conditions. By the totality of natural factors, taking into account their ...

This article examines the issues of existing international and national experience in the field of legal regulation of tourism in the postpandemic world. The main stages of development of legislation on tourism in the Republic of Kazakhstan have been formed, which is one of the fundamental conditions for the formation of a separate branch of tourism law. The article provides ...

Kazakhstan continues to use several times more energy per production unit than more developed countries and regions of the world. This study is the first comprehensive review and analysis of energy intensity factors of Kazakhstan’s gross domestic product for the priod of 1990-2018. We have studied the influence of various factors on the GDP energy intensity: Indicators characterizing ...

The cultural model of science and the scientific system of Kazakhstan are theorized and updated for the first time in our research, and this study extends Hofstede’s five-dimensional model of cultural space specifically in the context of the scientific system. The methodology involves employing Hofstede’s dimensions - Power Distance, Individualism versus Collectivism, ...

This article focuses on the project Sacred Geography of Kazakhstan, launched in 2017 in Kazakhstan as part of the nationwide program Ruqani Zhangyru (Modernization of Spirituality). The officially stated goal of the project is to cultivate a sense of patriotism in the country’s residents related to places and geographic sites that are important for the historical memory of ...