С. КЬЕРКЕГОР ЖӘНЕ ЖАЛҒЫЗДЫҚ ФИЛОСОФИЯСЫ

Abstract

This article explores the philosophical thoughts of S. Kierkegaard and his works. The article records the thoughts of philosophers who raised the philosophy of loneliness. Being one of the important issues of philosophy, the phenomenon of loneliness is in the attention of some other sciences, such as psychology, pedagogy, linguistics, sociology, cultural and religion studies. The problem of loneliness becomes the most relevant and acute in the context of the modern lifestyle. Understanding the phenomenon of loneliness leads to an understanding of the essence of man, but the problem of loneliness is ambiguous. This problem was considered by many philosophers, such as Aristotle, Platon, E. Fromm, J.P. Sartre, E. Husserl, M. Buber, and is central in their works. The article deals with phenomenological, existential and humanistic approaches to the study of the problem of loneliness and the philosophical experience formulated in the works of world researchers in understanding this problem. As a result of studying loneliness as a philosophical problem, it was determined that it is common to all people but has different characteristics for each person. In world philosophy, there are conflicting views on the problem of loneliness, which has become a common phenomenon in our society since ancient times: 1) loneliness was considered a positive initiative from the point of view of intellectual loneliness, which was allowed in ancient society; 2) loneliness was seen as a multifaceted, insidious disease among social diseases, dangerous to health, against happiness, having negative qualities, causing sympathy and discontent.