Mechanisms of plant responses to salinity stress

Abstract

Environmental stress is a major area of scientific interest because it limits the productivity of both plants and crops. Anthropogenic activities have exacerbated the issue even more. As a result, salt stress appears to be a significant barrier to plant and crop productivity. Salinity has a variety of effects on plants, including osmotic effects and ion-specific toxicity, as well as proline accumulation and sulphur assimilation. Plants known as halophytes have a high salt tolerance, allowing them to survive and thrive in extremely saline conditions. The study of halophytes aids our comprehension of important adaptations required for survival in high salinity environments. Therefore, enhancing plant salt tolerance as well as increasing agricultural yield and quality of crops in saline lands is of vital importance. Here, we look at what we know about how salinity affects plant metabolism and how plants deal with it.