Philosophy of mind as a problem of philosophy and science: representatives of the west and east

Abstract

The purpose of the scientific article is a comparative analysis of the philosophy of consciousness in the context of Western and Eastern theory. In the process of the three stages of scientific research, the authors used general scientific and unique methods, such as analysis, synthesis, generalization, induction, comparative, and content analysis methods. The Western and Eastern philosophy representatives’ scientific and methodological works are analyzed to explain the problem of human consciousness. The features of Islamic monotheism in Al-Farabi’s views, as well as the relationship between thinking and body in Ibn Sina’s theory, are considered. The interpretation of the philosophy of consciousness of the Western region is presented on the example of Dennett’s heterophenomenology and physicalism, the “Chinese room” thought experiment by Searle and others. The fundamental similarities and differences in explaining the philosophy of consciousness by Western and Eastern scientists are determined. The author’s analytical criticism of these philosophical trends is provided.