Historical Geography of the Northeastern Caspian Region (Based on the Materials of the X-XIX centuries)

Abstract

The Caspian Sea and its coast had a huge importance for many centuries, and occupied a key place in the Great Silk Road, which was one of the most important trade routes connecting East and West. The purpose of this work is to study the history of the north-eastern part of the Caspian Sea. Archaeological excavations in the settlements of Karakabak, Kyzylkal, Zhaiyk and other places in the Caspian territory show an important role in revealing the historical pages of this region. They provide valuable information about past cultures, lifestyles and the nature of the development of the population in this area. Analysis and use as main sources of cartographic materials, works of medieval historians, Arabic and European travelers, as well as Russian researchers of the New Time, allow you to understand the historical geography of the area. The authors strive to systematize sources and cartographic data, to provide historical trends that have existed on these territories in different historical periods. Particular attention is paid to the northeastern coast of the Caspian Sea, including the Jem River, as the natural northern boundary of the AralCaspian marine interval. The study of the history of the Caspian Sea and its coast helps to understand the versatility and significance of this region in world history and culture. It allows you to form a complete picture of past events and interactions that have shaped this unique historical context.