LANDSCAPE AND RECREATIONAL ANALYSIS OF YERTIS RIVER UPPER PART ON THE BASIS OF BASIN APPROACH (KAZAKHSTAN)

Abstract

Structural-functional relationships of geosystems in geosystem classification in the river basin are relied on through systematicity concept. As single geosystem, river basin is supercomplex, exo-regulated, impulsively-dynamic geosystem, limited by two special types of surface: threshold - vertical (for example, glacial area) and contact - horizontal (floodplain). In our opinion, in studies of geosystems of seepage flow it is needed to considerate elements of macro and micro substrate levels of geosystems, not traditional component blocks because surface flow is differentiative factor besides of lithogeneus base. Elements of macro and micro substrate levels of geosystems are parameters of water and heat balance, productivity and yield capacity of phytomass. The purpose of the present article is to study geosystems of the basin of the Yertis river upper part. We regard the geosystems of the unified inter-continental rivers formed by water discharge as paragenetic and paradynamic complexes in the context of the increasing lack of moistening due to natural and anthropogenic factors. These natural complexes develop under the influence of two mutually conditioned leading differentiation factors – a lithogenic base and a river flow. These and other physical-geographical conditions forming the river basin enable to define the region as a unified mega-system. The article identifies basic regularities of the transformation of the natural environment of the Yertis river upper part basin. The methodological approach accepted by the authors to the study of modified systems is the theoretical concept of geosystem-basin approach to the study of anthropogenically-transformed systems. Either the following research methods were used: geosystem-basinal, statistical analysis, landscape-structural analysis and maps were compiled with the use of GIS on the ArcGis software.