Аннотации:
The article presents the results of the study of the semantic structure of the
polysemantic word in the aspect of cognitive semantics. The study is based on the
position of cognitive lexicology that "the semantics of a word is not limited only to a
meaning; it is wider than the meaning". Therefore, the meaning of a word can be
studied in the aspect of cognitive semantics. The cognitive-semantic aspect of
studying the meanings of a polysemantic word implies its multilevel analysis, so the
semantic structure of a polysemic word is studied not only from the outside, surface
semantics but also from the inside, at the cognitive level of semantics. The study
proposes a methodology of multilevel analysis of the structure of a polysemous word
and also approves the methodology of its interdisciplinary study on the basis of the
integral methodological paradigm involving the values and methods of different
sciences (lexicology, cognitive semantics, pragmatics, cultural studies, associative
linguistics). The aim of the study is to identify and describe the meanings of a
polysemous word and its meanings in terms of different approaches to their research.
In the article on the basis of the analysis of different meanings, the polysemous word
is considered with also its meanings as denotative, figurative, pragmatic, connotative,
and associative meanings of the word. The novelty of the research consists in the
author's attempt to apply the cognitive-semantic approach to the analysis of the
multivalued word structure. This approach differs from the linguistic and lexicological
one, which considers polysemantic words as the nuclear meaning of the word and its
lexical-semantic variant. In the course of the research, scientific results were obtained:
1. The disciplinary approach in the process of multilevel analysis of polysemantic
words revealed new meanings and meanings of this phenomenon; 2. The role of the
subject in the formation of meanings of a polysemous word was revealed; 3. The
structure of the polysemantic word is described on the basis of taking into account the
principle of conceptual unity of language and speech.
