RESEARCH OF THE SOIL COVER ECOSYSTEM IN THE WEST KAZAKHSTAN REGION ON THE BASIS OF REMOTE SENSING AND GIS-TECHNOLOGY

Abstract

Soil research at the present stage is aimed at studying the ecological state of the soil cover and for management, regulation and rational use of land it is necessary to conduct a quantitative and qualitative assessment of soil resources. Therefore, rational use and protection of the soil cover in market conditions requires adequate application of new scientific and methodological approaches based on Earth remote sensing methods and new information technologies. The purpose of our research is to study the current state of the soil cover and develop thematic maps of the West Kazakhstan region based on the use of Earth remote sensing methods and GIS technologies. hysical, water-physical, chemical, physicochemical, cartographic and remote sensing, corresponding to GOST and others were used. Physicochemical indicators of soils were studied by generally accepted methods. The development of a largescale soil map using GIS technologies was carried out on the basis of ArcGIS. Soil studies were conducted to establish the taxonomic affiliation of soils, identify patterns of their formation and determine the structure of the soil cover to assess the resistance of soils to technogenic impacts. As a result of the studies, field studies were conducted with mapping of the soil cover using traditional ground methods and using GIS technologies based on the widespread use of aerial photographs of various resolutions. This made it possible to characterize soil combinations by the signs of their belonging to a certain genetic-geometric form, the conditions of their location and their quantitative indicators. The results of the study can be used in studying the soil cover of the West Kazakhstan region under the influence of endogenous and exogenous processes to predict and improve soil fertility.