Abstract:
Migration processes, which intensified in the late twentieth and early twentyfirst centuries, occur within a context of constant challenges and changing
realities, necessitating new research in this area. Nearly all migrants, adapting to
new forms of everyday existence, might experience socio-psychological stress.
This study focuses on the socio-cultural and linguistic adaptation of the young
generation of ethnic Kazakhs, as well as their psychological state within the
educational environment, grounded in the concept of transnationalism. The
authors conducted a survey and interviews with repatriate students from China
and Mongolia in their native language, Kazakh. The research methodology,
survey methodology and applied tools are comparable in terms of both
qualitative and quantitative analysis. The sample population consisted of 230
respondents from five regions, aged between 16 and 25 years old. Furthermore,
30 qualitative, focused interviews were conducted. The discussion questions are
related to several important factors, including the impact of the presence of
relatives in the country of origin, the establishment of ties with them, and the
integration of individuals into the social spheres of their historical homeland
during their stay in Kazakhstan, as well as the processes of adaptation and
integration into the new society. The results demonstrate the existence of
transnational practices among the informants, which permits the categorization
of these individuals as transnational migrants, despite the fact that a considerable
number of them have completed the migration process. The findings of the
research also indicated that repatriate students from Mongolia showed greater
ease of adaptation in Kazakhstan, largely due to their more active communication
with relatives and stronger inclination toward integration into local society.
Conversely, Kazakh ethnic students from China, despite using contemporary
communication technologies, encountered more challenges, largely due to
emotional di culties associated with the lack of physical proximity to their
families and a prevalent intention to return to their families after graduation.
