Abstract:
Preservation and improvement of soil fertility is the main part of
the general problem of rational use of land resources, increasing productivity
and improving the soil ecology of agricultural landscapes. Rational use and
protection of soils in market conditions requires adequate application of new
scientific and methodological approaches. One of such systematic-analytical
methods of soil cadastre organizations is a combination of traditional terrestrial
methods with technologies of geoinformation systems (GIS). The study of the
current state of the soil cover and the compilation of a soil map of the Chingirlau
district of the West Kazakhstan region on the basis of applying GIS technologies.
In the study area, dark chestnut soils are formed in the soil cover in combination
with various soil combinations. They are formed in the conditions of the dry
steppe zone, with the non-wash type of water regime, under the haymooth,
meadow-grass, herbaceous-fat-grass, black-wormwood-meadow and meadowwhite-wormwood-kokpekovic plant communities, on loesslike loams. The
aggregate of information necessary for mapping soil cover patterns and their
quantification has been described in GIS databases. Data integration has been
realized through the spatial and attributive component in the form of: the results
of topographic and thematic maps. At the same time, the creation of attributive
GIS databases involves the digitization of thematic maps tied into a single cartographic projection (as a topographic map with a scale of 1: 50 000). As a
result of the study, thematic maps and attributive databases of GIS of soils were
formed. As a result of research, based on GIS technology, a digital soil map of
the Chingirlau district of the West Kazakhstan region has been developed using
the ArcGIS software product.
