Аннотации:
Kazakhstan's entry into the Russian Empire became a catalyst for many socio-economic processes and
the transformation of the system of social institutions. The purpose of the author's research is to study the
cause-and–effect relationships of tribal confrontation and the evolution of the content of the barymta
institute in the boundary framework of the late XIX – early XX centuries. The administrative and territorial
lines of research are limited to the Semipalatinsk province of Karkaraly county, where, within the specified
chronological framework, it is possible to trace the evolution of the transition of social institutions of Kazakh
society and the transformation of their content. In their research, the authors reveal the issues of social
history at the junction of interdisciplinary approaches based on an empirical analysis of primary sources,
archival documents deposited in the funds of Kazakh archives, published publications of travel scientists and
open-access research materials, articles, monographs, collections of materials, dissertations. The authors
paid special attention to the system of value orientations of the traditional Kazakh society and the evolution
of social institutions in the focus of reforming regulatory and legal relations, family and hierarchical
management structures. Innovations in the Kazakh steppe served as an impetus to strengthen the tribal
struggle for a place in the echelon of grassroots power, determined tribal strife and barymta as a weapon of
retaliation. In the new system of legal norms, the traditional institution of barymta acquired criminal
content, although in the nomadic value system it was a way of protecting the honor of the clan,
demonstrating the strength of the clan, and a traditional form of protecting property. The clan-hierarchical
principle did not undergo any practical changes; the traditional nomadic Kazakh society adapted and
«integrated» into the imperial system, preserving the patriarchal-clan institutions until the mid-20s of the
twentieth century.
