Abstract:
We are experiencing a golden age of experimental cosmology, with exact and accurate observations being
used to constrain various gravitational theories like never
before. Alongside these advancements, energy conditions
play a crucial theoretical role in evaluating and refining new
proposals in gravitational physics. We investigate the energy
conditions (WEC, NEC, DEC, and SEC) for two f (Q, Lm)
gravity models using the FLRW metric in a flat geometry.
Model 1, f (Q, Lm) = −αQ + 2Lm + β, features linear
parameter dependence, satisfying most energy conditions
while selectively violating the SEC to explain cosmic acceleration. The EoS parameter transitions between quintessence,
a cosmological constant, and phantom energy, depending on
α and β. Model 2, f (Q, Lm) = −αQ +λ(2Lm)2 +β, introduces nonlinearities, ensuring stronger SEC violations and
capturing complex dynamics like dark energy transitions.
While Model 1 excels in simplicity, Model 2’s robustness
makes it ideal for accelerated expansion scenarios, highlighting the potential of f (Q, Lm) gravity in explaining cosmic
phenomena.
