Abstract:
The use of fly ash in compositions as a substitute for a part of cement is economically
favorable and ecologically feasible in connection with large accumulations of waste at the enterprises
of the energy sector. In addition, the technology of cement production provides high-temperature
treatment of mineral substances in kilns with significant emissions of carbon dioxide. One of the
most effective directions of the utilization of fly ash is their use in concrete composites. The use of
this material will provide the required temperature and humidity conditions in residential premises,
solve the problem of “cold bridges” in structures, minimize heat losses of the structure, and increase
the energy efficiency of buildings in general. At the same time, polystyrene concrete, due to its
structural structure and the presence of thermally conductive concrete, has limited opportunities for
thermal and physical–mechanical properties. To improve the operational properties of polystyrene
concrete, it is proposed to use composite binders, including fly ash from the thermal power station
of Astana. The main aim of this study is to develop compositions of polystyrene concrete with
reduced thermal conductivity and improved physical and mechanical properties. The objectives
of this study include the determination of characteristics of fly ash from Astana, formulation of
polystyrene concrete mixtures with different proportions of fly ash, and evaluation of their thermal
conductivity properties. These tasks are in line with the objectives of the ISO 50001 standard to
improve energy efficiency and reduce environmental impact. The results showed that the addition
of fly ash from Astana to polystyrene concrete leads to a marked reduction in thermal conductivity,
contributing to improved energy efficiency of the building envelope. Optimal results were achieved
by using 15% of Astana fly ash as an additive in polystyrene concrete, which led to a significant
reduction in thermal conductivity of 51.47%. This reduction is in line with improving the energy
efficiency of building materials, especially in cold climates.
