Abstract:
The Tien Shan glaciers are a crucial freshwater source for Central Asia, supplying water to
major rivers like the Ile River. This study maps glacier distribution using NASA Earth Data and the
World Glacier Inventory in QGIS, revealing the highest concentrations at 4,000–5,000 meters. As
climate change accelerates glacier retreat, the Ile River faces discharge reductions, threatening water
availability, hydropower, and irrigation. While short-term meltwater increases have sustained flow,
continued glacier loss poses serious risks. This study underscores the need for ongoing monitoring
and sustainable water management to mitigate climate-driven hydrological changes.
