Abstract:
In the current decade, the use of plant extracts for the green preparation of
metal nanoparticles has garnered increasing attention due to their eco-friendliness, costeffectiveness, and sustainability. In the current study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were
synthesized using the ethanolic extract of Circaea lutetiana for the first time. Thetotal
flavonoid content (TFC) and total phenolic content (TPC)of the extract were analyzed by
spectrophotometric methods. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy was employed to determine the functional groups involved in both the reduction and stabilization
processes of AgNPs. The formation and optical properties of AgNPs were confirmed
by Ultraviolet–Visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy. The greenlysynthesized AgNPs were characterized by FT-IR, UV–Vis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
(XPS), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta potential analyses, transmission electron
microscopy (TEM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results confirmed that the
AgNPs were spherical in shape with an average size of approximately 3.8 nm and showed a
good crystalline nature. Additionally, the AgNPs exhibited significant antimicrobial activity
against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, demonstrating their potential as
green antimicrobial agents.
