Abstract:
Bullying is one of the pressing problems in modern schools, which leads to numerous destructive consequences: suicide,
aggression, violence, psychological problems, and poor academic performance. Therefore, special programs for bullying
prevention and practical recommendations for teachers, students, and parents to combat bullying are needed. They aim to
identify specific risk factors and develop an inclusive bullying prevention approach to safeguard the well-being and safety of
vulnerable students. The study was conducted on the basis of mixed methods: questionnaire surveys, observations, interviews,
and methods: “Structure of bullying” by Norkina [1]. The study revealed that students with SEN face heightened exposure
to psychological bullying (e.g., verbal abuse, social exclusion, ridicule) compared to their non-SEN peers. Gender differences
were observed, with boys reporting higher victimization rates than girls and exhibiting more assertive (but often ineffective)
responses, whereas girls tended to employ avoidance strategies. The proposed prevention model emphasizes social-emotional
learning, peer support systems, and teacher training to foster an inclusive school climate. The findings underscore the urgent
need for educational policies and practices that address the unique vulnerabilities of all students, including those with SEN.
Schools must prioritize targeted bullying prevention programs, teacher professional development, and parental involvement
to create safer and more supportive learning environments.
