Abstract:
Nanodiamonds (NDs) have received much attention in science and technology due to their superior
structural and functional characteristics. In this study, NDs were successfully functionalized with
Triethoxy(octyl)silane (TREOS) to make them superhydrophobic. Surface functionalization was
carried out through hydrolysis and condensation reactions to create stable Si–O–C and Si–O–Si bonds.
Characterization techniques like Raman spectroscopy, XRD, SEM, FTIR, and water contact angle
measurements confirmed the structural integrity and efficient functionalization of the functionalized
NDs. The observed superhydrophobicity with a 151° contact angle is understandable based on both
silane functionalization and nanoscale surface roughness. These observations suggest the prospects
of TREOS-modified NDs for use in waterproof coatings, self-cleaning surfaces, and anti-corrosion
materials. Furthermore, the excellent dispersion of hydrophobic NDs in nonpolar solvents reveals that
they can be applied in lubrication and anti-wear. Future efforts would be the further improvement of
ND surface modification and its application in practical products, e.g., protective coatings, biomedical
devices, and high-performance nanocomposites.
